Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is an advanced medical procedure used to diagnose and treat problems of the bile ducts and pancreas, such as blockages caused by gallstones, narrowing of the ducts, infections, or tumors. The procedure is performed using a flexible endoscope equipped with a tiny camera that is passed through the mouth until it reaches the bile ducts. Interventional radiology may be used to precisely locate the problem.
The endoscope is not only used for diagnosis but is also used for treatment during the same session, such as removing gallstones, widening narrowings, or placing stents to improve bile flow. The procedure is performed under sedation, and the patient is usually able to leave the hospital the same day, depending on their condition.